How Ginseng was traded in ancient times

Ancient Ginseng from self-use, small-scale circulation to national circulation, there is a gradual process of development. In this process, Ginseng trading methods are also changing with the Times. As the efficacy of Ginseng is recognized, the value of Ginseng is generally accepted by people, some people use more than they need, then trade. But most of them were just for trade, especially after the middle period of Qing Dynasty. They circulate in small circles, mostly at home, waiting to be exchanged. It takes a while for the market to develop, and then it's time to come together and trade where everyone likes to go. A market is formed when people who trade get together in a place that everyone agrees on. With the market, some rules of the trade are established. In ancient times selling Ginseng did not peddle Ginseng, selling Ginseng and selling sex HOMOPHONIC, selling sex is a prostitute, so Ginseng trading called goods. It was the Ming Dynasty that really formed the Ginseng market. At that time, the Ginseng market was not called a market, but a horse market. 1575, chief of Jurchen people, Wang Gao, who lived in the southeast of Fushun, was taken prisoner and sent to Beijing to be executed. In order to suppress and he responded to each other and was born in Hun River (Yalu River Tributary) , another Jianzhou Jurchen people leader Wang Wu Tang, Ming Dynasty in Liaodong Built Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County and other six forts, strong compression Jianzhou activity area 200 miles. The chief of Jurchen people, Wang Tang, who lives in the Hun River (Yalu River Tributary) Valley, found Zhang Xueyan, the governor of Liaodong, to negotiate with him in order to fight against the Ming government's efforts to build the six forts. He pointed out: "Now that the fortress has been built, the Serbs have come to the road, we can not be shortlisted for hunting, but also do not dare to enter a snatch, the eclipse will be used? " Finally, Wang Wu Tang had to compromise, led by the chiefs of Jurchen people Jurchen people, Jianzhou, before kneeling before the Horse Learning Yan, a request to open a horse market. He is willing to take his son as a hostage and ask that Jianzhou Jurchen people be allowed to trade rice, cloth Ginseng and other products with the Han Chinese. The Ming court was afraid of provoking more conflicts, and approved the opening of horse markets in Qinghe and Kuandien today in Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County. The Jianzhou Jurchens traded Ginseng and horses for rice, cloth and various articles of daily use, and stole iron weapons to secretly build weapons. The Jianzhou Jurchens Trades Ginseng for the means of production and livelihood. In order to suppress the development of Jianzhou and Jurchen people, the Ming Dynasty deliberately ordered the 1603 to ban Ma city, so that a large number of Ginseng in Jianzhou Jurchen people could not be sold anywhere, rotting away 100,000 catties, which aroused strong dissatisfaction of the Jianzhou Jurchens, which also laid the foundation for the collapse of the Ming Dynasty. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Yingkou, Liaoning was close to Ginseng producing area, with convenient land and water transportation. At this time, Ginseng trading has formed some of its own unique methods. The two parties do not meet directly, but a middleman handles the dishes from the middle. The person in charge of the dishes sets up the ginseng portion of the seller on the counter. The buyer of the Ginseng can not pick a single head and take a fancy to which person's Ginseng, and the master of the "match. ". The two men's wide cuffs are together, in the sleeve secretly to make various finger gestures for bargaining. If the other party to hold your four fingers for 4, five fingers for 5, this is called "hand set dry world" , the next person do not know the details of the two people bargain. Two people negotiate not, also do not make a noise, do not hurt the peace, do not provide any information to other buyers, leave what tongue. Once the price has been agreed upon by both parties, the seller and the buyer shall loudly announce the transaction price. Once the price has been announced, both parties shall not renege. Not only should we have the skills to negotiate prices, we should be good at asking prices or negotiating prices, more importantly, we should rely on the buyers'eyesight to determine what prices are for what goods, what prices are for what years, we can not buy them at a low price, we suffer losses at a high price, we have no goods when we start late, we start early and the market is not accurate, it all depends on the buyer's market information. Two goods silver two clear, will not return, Ginseng trading and today's trading antique jade, the transaction will not be returned. Because Ginseng is easy to be damaged and replaced, no one can prove whether it is the original. Then return not only cause disputes, but also missed the trading period, resulting in Ginseng rotten rotten metamorphism. As the saying goes, "seven two for the participation, eight two for the treasure, " which are most of the famous big medicine hall to buy away, if there is a reversal, are a big lawsuit, so goods go silver clear, two do not owe. Once every three years, the meeting, Ginseng trading time and Ginseng collection time is the same, about in July to October each year. The good thing about the fair is that the buyers and sellers meet directly and there is no middleman. Generally speaking, the pickers can get a high price when they sell them in the market. There are also many people because of the small amount of Ginseng to be sold on behalf of others, or by some middlemen to buy at low prices, and then sell to the market, from the profit. Selling Ginseng to the market on the way to trade, generally do not reveal goods, do not let outsiders know that they are selling Ginseng, not say how much, how much goods, in case of accidents. And the buyer is mostly some pharmacies, such as Beijing's Tong Ren Tang, because of big name, to the Ginseng market to buy Ginseng not only can buy good Ginseng, but also to master the market, but also to enhance their own pharmacies visibility. Ginseng trade in ancient times and today is largely the same, but the process of bargaining is different. Even now, when one party and the other party are negotiating, the third party is not allowed to insert the bargaining, only one party to withdraw from the third party to negotiate. All in all, the key to trading is whether you know the market.